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Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2007) - Trinidad and Tobago (2003)

Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2007) z Trinidad and Tobago (2003)

 Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2007)Trinidad and Tobago (2003)
 Heard Island and McDonald IslandsTrinidad and Tobago
Administrative divisions - 8 counties, 3 municipalities*, and 1 ward**; Arima*, Caroni, Mayaro, Nariva, Port-of-Spain*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick, San Fernando*, Tobago**, Victoria
Age structure - 0-14 years: 22.2% (male 125,470; female 119,270)


15-64 years: 70% (male 402,137; female 370,600)


65 years and over: 7.9% (male 38,928; female 47,804) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - cocoa, sugarcane, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry
Airports - 6 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area total: 412 sq km


land: 412 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 5,128 sq km


land: 5,128 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Delaware
Background These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve. The islands came under British control in the 19th century; independence was granted in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean, thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing.
Birth rate - 12.74 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $1.54 billion


expenditures: $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $117.3 million (1998)
Capital - Port-of-Spain
Climate antarctic tropical; rainy season (June to December)
Coastline 101.9 km 362 km
Constitution - 1 August 1976
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands


conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands


abbreviation: HIMI		 conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago


conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago
Currency - Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Death rate - 8.71 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $2.8 billion (2002 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Roy L. AUSTIN


embassy: 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain


mailing address: P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain


telephone: [1] (868) 622-6372 through 6376, 622-6176


FAX: [1] (868) 628-5462
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Marina Annette VALERE (as of February 2003)


chancery: 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 467-6490


FAX: [1] (202) 785-3130


consulate(s) general: Miami and New York
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $24 million (1999 est.)
Economy - overview The islands have no indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing in the surrounding waters. Trinidad and Tobago has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. A leading performer the past four years has been the booming natural gas sector. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from low inflation and a trade surplus. The year 2002 was marked by solid growth in the oil sector, offset in part by domestic political uncertainty.
Electricity - consumption - 4.943 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 5.315 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 99.8%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0.2% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m
Environment - current issues NA water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - black 39.5%, East Indian (a local term - primarily immigrants from northern India) 40.3%, mixed 18.4%, white 0.6%, Chinese and other 1.2%
Exchange rates - Trinidad and Tobago dollars per US dollar - 6.24 (2002), 6.23 (2001), 6.3 (2000), 6.3 (1999), 6.3 (1998)
Executive branch - chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term; election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held NA 2008); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives


election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers
Exports - partners - US 56.9%, Jamaica 7.3%, France 4.4% (2002)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description the flag of Australia is used red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side to the lower fly side
GDP - purchasing power parity - $11.07 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 1.6%


industry: 43.2%


services: 55.2% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $10,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.2% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 53 06 S, 72 31 E 11 00 N, 61 00 W
Geography - note - Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt
Highways - total: 8,320 km


paved: 4,252 km


unpaved: 4,068 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals
Imports - partners - US 42%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.5%, UK 5%, Japan 4.5%, Brazil 4.3% (2002)
Independence - 31 August 1962 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 2.6% (2002 est.)
Industries - petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles
Infant mortality rate - total: 24.97 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 26.93 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 22.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4.3% (2002 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 17 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km 30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Court of Appeals the highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London
Labor force - 564,000 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation - construction and utilities 12.4%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, agriculture 9.5%, services 64.1% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land: 14.62%


permanent crops: 9.16%


other: 76.22% (1998 est.)
Languages - English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese
Legal system the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; members appointed by the president for a maximum term of five years) and the House of Representatives (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 October 2002 (next to be held by October 2007)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - PNM 55.5%, UNC 44.5%; seats by party - PNM 20, UNC 16


note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly, with 15 members serving four-year terms
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 69.59 years


male: 67.07 years


female: 72.23 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98.6%


male: 99.1%


female: 98% (2003 est.)
Location islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
Map references Antarctic Region Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 measured from claimed archipelagic baselines


contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,032 GRT/5,106 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, short-sea passenger 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols -
Military branches - Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (including Ground Force, Coast Guard, and Air Wing), Trinidad and Tobago Police Service
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $90 million (1999)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.4% (1999)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 327,823 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 233,488 (2003 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 31 August (1962)
Nationality - noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)


adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian
Natural hazards Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms
Natural resources fish petroleum, natural gas, asphalt
Net migration rate - -10.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 253 km; gas 1,117 km; oil 478 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders - National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Hochoy CHARLES]; People's Empowerment Party or PEP [leader NA]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING]; Team Unity or TUN [Ramesh MAHARAJ]; United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Jamaat-al Musilmeen [Yasin BAKR]
Population uninhabited 1,104,209 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - 21% (1992 est.)
Population growth rate - -0.68% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors - Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain, Scarborough, Tembladora
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways - minimal agricultural railroad system near San Fernando; common carrier railway service was discontinued in 1968 (2001)
Religions - Roman Catholic 29.4%, Hindu 23.8%, Anglican 10.9%, Muslim 5.8%, Presbyterian 3.4%, other 26.7%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: excellent international service; good local service


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana
Telephones - main lines in use - 252,000 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 17,411 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 4 (1997)
Terrain Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky mostly plains with some hills and low mountains
Total fertility rate - 1.78 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - 10.8% (2002)
Waterways - none
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